ESC - Assignment questions -unit 4

I.CONTRACTS

1.Explain the engineering contracts along with their advantages and Disadvantages Item rate contract and Percentage rate contract
2.Explain tender notice and tender documents
3.Discuss different categories of contract in detail and differentiate them with respect to their important characteristics.
4. What is contract document and mention the documents to be attached to the contract agreement?
5. Define the terms : Conditions of contract and Arbitration
6. Explain the Item rate contract and percentage rate contract along with their advantages and disadvantages
7. Distinguish between lump sum contract and item rate contract
8. Explain the B.O.O.T. mode of Project development.
9. State the purpose of penalties in contract agreements?
10.What is EMD and when it is forfeited?
11. Differentiate between administrative approval and technical sanction.
II. VALUATION
1. What are the different types of valuations? Explain in detail.
2. Explain the different methods of depreciation.
3. What is Sinking Fund ?
4. Differentiate Scrape Value and Salvage Value
5. What are the principles of valuation?
6. What are the factors effecting the value of the property?
III. SPECIFICATIONS OF BUILDING WORKS
1 Write the detailed specifications for damp proof course (2.5cmthick) C.C 1:1.5:3
2.Write the specifications for marble flooring in a residential building.
3. Write the specifications for marble flooring in a residential building.
4. Write the specifications for 1st class brickwork in 1:6 CM for super structure for Ground Floor.
5. Give standard specifications for the items in the construction of class ‘A’ residential building:
a) Footing and plinth. b) Super structure. c) Roofs. d) Plastering
6. Give standard specifications for the items in the construction of class ‘A’ residential building:
a) Earthwork Excavation b) cement concrete. c) Masonry work.
7. Explain the general specification for First, Second and Third class buildings.
8. Write detailed specifications for cement concrete (1:4:8) and stone masonry in C.M. 1:6.

Comments

Relation between Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Modulus of Elasticity (E) It is the ratio between Normal stress to Normal strain within the elastic limit. Elastic Modulus E = Normal stress/Normal strain E = s/e Modulus of Rigidity (G) It is the ratio between Shear stress to Shear strain within the elastic limit. Rigidity Modulus G = Shear stress/ Shear strain G = Ƭ / ø Relation between Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity: Consider a solid cube PQRS is subjected to a shearing force F. Let Ƭ be the shear stress produced in the faces PQ and RS due to this shear force. The complementary shear stress consequently produced in the vertical faces PS and RQ is also equal to same and shown in figure as Ƭ Due to the pure shearing force, the cube is deformed PQRS to PQR'S' . The point S moved to S' and point R moved to R' as shown in fig. The shear strain = The angle of distortion ø ø = RR'/ RQ ---(1) Shear strain = Shear stress /Rigidity modulus

PORTAL METHOD and CANTILEVER METHOD

The behavior of a structure subjected to horizontal forces depends on its height to width ratio. The deformation in low-rise structures, where the height is smaller than its width, is characterized predominantly by shear deformations. In high rise building, where height is several times greater than its lateral dimensions, is dominated by bending action. To analyze the structures subjected to horizontal loading we have two methods. Portal method and Cantilever method 1. PORTAL METHOD The portal method is an approximate analysis used for analysing building frames subjected to lateral loads such as Wind loads/ seismic forces. Since shear deformations are dominant in low rise structures, the method makes simplifying assumptions regarding horizontal shear in columns. Each bay of a structure is treated as a portal frame, and horizontal force is distributed equally among them. Assumptions in portal method 1. The points of inflection are located at the mid-height of each column above th

Shearing Stresses Distribution in Circular Section

Show that the shearing stress developed at the neutral axis of a beam with circular cross section is τ max = (4/3)(F/πr2). Assume that the shearing stress is uniformly distributed across the neutral axis. Solution : Let us consider the circular section of a beam as displayed in following figure. We have assumed one layer EF at a distance y1 from the neutral axis of the circular section of the beam Shear stress at a section will be given by following formula as mentioned here Where, F = Shear force (N) τ = Shear stress (N/mm2) A = Area of section, where shear stress is to be determined (mm2) ȳ = Distance of C.G of the area, where shear stress is to be determined, from neutral axis of the beam section (m) Q = A. ȳ = Moment of the whole shaded area about the neutral axis I = Moment of inertia of the given section about the neutral axis (mm4) For circular cross-section, Moment of inertia, I = ПR4/4 b = Width of the given section where shear stress is to be determined. Let us consider on

Prof.Kodali Srinivas

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