Prof.Kodali Srinivas

Kani's method was introduced by Gasper Kani in 1940’s. It involves distributing the unknown fixed end moments of structural members to adjacent joints, in order to satisfy the conditions of continuity of slopes and displacements. K ani's method is also known as Rotation contribution method. Advantages of Kani's Method : 1. Hardy Cross method distributed only the unbalanced moments at joints, whereas Kani’s method distributes the total joint moment at any stage of iteration. 2. The more significant feature of Kani’s method is that the process is self corrective. Any error at any stage of iteration is corrected in subsequent steps. Framed structures are rarely symmetric and subjected to side sway, hence Kani’s method is best and much simpler than other methods like moment distribution method and slope displacement method. Procedure  1. Rotation stiffness at each end of all members of a structure is determined depending upon the end conditions. The stiffness factors   a) If Bo...

Most Engineering design is based on the "Elastic Theory of Bending" and the method is to calculate the maximum Stresses which occur, and to then keep them within the working Stresses in both compression and Tension. These working Stresses are calculated from the Yield (or ultimate) Stress and a Factor of Safety.  This approach is a little unrealistic since Mild Steel Structures do not fail when the edge Stress of any cross section reaches the Yield point, and will continue to withstand the load as long as the central core of the section remains within the Elastic State.  Through ductility, structure is able to absorb large deformations beyond elastic limit without the danger of fracture. It is this characteristics feature of steel that makes possible the application of plastic analysis to structural design. Figure 1: Stress strain diagram (for mild steel) Stress-strain diagram for mild steel in tension is shown in figure-1. Let ‘ab’ represent the elastic range, ...